Class information for:
Level 1: DUAL FUEL ENGINE//DUAL FUEL//SPARK IGNITION ENGINE

Basic class information
Class id #P Avg. number of
references		 Database coverage
of references
4904 1705 26.7 40%


Bar chart of Publication_year

Last years might be incomplete

Hierarchy of classes
The table includes all classes above and classes immediately below the current class.


Cluster id Level Cluster label #P
18 4 THERMODYNAMICS//ENERGY & FUELS//ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL 531182
486 3       BIODIESEL//DIESEL ENGINE//TRANSESTERIFICATION 23357
778 2             DIESEL ENGINE//EMISSIONS//ENGINE PERFORMANCE 12190
4904 1                   DUAL FUEL ENGINE//DUAL FUEL//SPARK IGNITION ENGINE 1705

Terms with highest relevance score


rank Term termType Chi square Shr. of publ. in
class containing
term		 Class's shr. of
term's tot. occurrences		 #P with
term in
class
1 DUAL FUEL ENGINE authKW 1421321 6% 81% 98
2 DUAL FUEL authKW 654077 4% 51% 71
3 SPARK IGNITION ENGINE authKW 436658 6% 26% 95
4 SI ENGINE authKW 421978 4% 34% 69
5 HCNG authKW 411874 1% 100% 23
6 INJECTION TIMING authKW 279129 3% 32% 49
7 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY journal 226875 29% 3% 498
8 INTERNAL COMBUST ENGINES address 218967 3% 21% 58
9 DUAL FUEL DIESEL ENGINE authKW 216168 1% 93% 13
10 NATURAL GAS authKW 205301 9% 7% 159

Web of Science journal categories


Rank Term Chi square Shr. of publ. in
class containing
term		 Class's shr. of
term's tot. occurrences		 #P with term
in class
1 Energy & Fuels 85803 71% 0% 1211
2 Electrochemistry 20304 29% 0% 500
3 Thermodynamics 12456 22% 0% 379
4 Engineering, Mechanical 9974 25% 0% 427
5 Transportation Science & Technology 8293 9% 0% 151
6 Chemistry, Physical 2975 29% 0% 501
7 Engineering, Chemical 2652 17% 0% 297
8 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 1500 4% 0% 69
9 Mechanics 1172 10% 0% 170
10 Engineering, General 643 5% 0% 88

Address terms


Rank Term Chi square Shr. of publ. in
class containing
term		 Class's shr. of
term's tot. occurrences		 #P with
term in
class
1 INTERNAL COMBUST ENGINES 218967 3% 21% 58
2 ENGINES UNCONVENT FUELS 194987 1% 78% 14
3 INTERNAL COMBUST ENGN 108880 1% 41% 15
4 TRANSPORTTECHNOL 89538 0% 100% 5
5 ERC ENGINES 87743 0% 70% 7
6 NAVAL SCI 63953 0% 71% 5
7 ENGINE ENGN 54566 0% 38% 8
8 NAVAL ARCHITECTURE MARINE ENGN SECT 53723 0% 100% 3
9 IC ENGINES 53705 1% 25% 12
10 THERMODYNAM PROP SYST SECT 49584 0% 46% 6

Journals


Rank Term Chi square Shr. of publ. in
class containing
term		 Class's shr. of
term's tot. occurrences		 #P with
term in
class
1 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY 226875 29% 3% 498
2 PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART D-JOURNAL OF AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING 40307 4% 3% 71
3 JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME 31775 5% 2% 87
4 JOURNAL OF ENERGY ENGINEERING 20725 1% 6% 20
5 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINE RESEARCH 17393 1% 5% 21
6 ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT 15078 5% 1% 89
7 ENERGY 11326 5% 1% 83
8 FUEL 11243 6% 1% 97
9 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXERGY 10162 1% 3% 18
10 JSAE REVIEW 10050 1% 5% 12

Author Key Words


Rank Term Chi square Shr. of publ. in
class containing
term		 Class's shr. of
term's tot. occurrences		 #P with
term in
class		 LCSH search Wikipedia search
1 DUAL FUEL ENGINE 1421321 6% 81% 98 Search DUAL+FUEL+ENGINE Search DUAL+FUEL+ENGINE
2 DUAL FUEL 654077 4% 51% 71 Search DUAL+FUEL Search DUAL+FUEL
3 SPARK IGNITION ENGINE 436658 6% 26% 95 Search SPARK+IGNITION+ENGINE Search SPARK+IGNITION+ENGINE
4 SI ENGINE 421978 4% 34% 69 Search SI+ENGINE Search SI+ENGINE
5 HCNG 411874 1% 100% 23 Search HCNG Search HCNG
6 INJECTION TIMING 279129 3% 32% 49 Search INJECTION+TIMING Search INJECTION+TIMING
7 DUAL FUEL DIESEL ENGINE 216168 1% 93% 13 Search DUAL+FUEL+DIESEL+ENGINE Search DUAL+FUEL+DIESEL+ENGINE
8 NATURAL GAS 205301 9% 7% 159 Search NATURAL+GAS Search NATURAL+GAS
9 EMISSIONS 204710 15% 4% 257 Search EMISSIONS Search EMISSIONS
10 PILOT IGNITION 198359 1% 92% 12 Search PILOT+IGNITION Search PILOT+IGNITION

Core articles
The table includes core articles in the class. The following variables is taken into account for the relevance score of an article in a cluster c:
(1) Number of references referring to publications in the class.
(2) Share of total number of active references referring to publications in the class.
(3) Age of the article. New articles get higher score than old articles.
(4) Citation rate, normalized to year.


Rank Reference # ref. in
cl.		 Shr. of ref. in
cl.		 Citations
1 KHAN, MI , YASMEEN, T , KHAN, MI , FAROOQ, M , WAKEEL, M , (2016) RESEARCH PROGRESS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF NATURAL GAS AS FUEL FOR ROAD VEHICLES: A BIBLIOGRAPHIC REVIEW (1991-2016).RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS. VOL. 66. ISSUE . P. 702 -741 174 47% 0
2 WEI, LJ , GENG, P , (2016) A REVIEW ON NATURAL GAS/DIESEL DUAL FUEL COMBUSTION, EMISSIONS AND PERFORMANCE.FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY. VOL. 142. ISSUE . P. 264 -278 52 66% 10
3 CROOKES, RJ , KORAKIANITIS, T , NAMASIVAYAM, AM , (2011) NATURAL-GAS FUELED SPARK-IGNITION (SI) AND COMPRESSION-IGNITION (CI) ENGINE PERFORMANCE AND EMISSIONS.PROGRESS IN ENERGY AND COMBUSTION SCIENCE. VOL. 37. ISSUE 1. P. 89 -112 52 74% 105
4 BANERJEE, R , ROY, S , BOSE, PK , (2015) HYDROGEN-EGR SYNERGY AS A PROMISING PATHWAY TO MEET THE PM-NOX-BSFC TRADE-OFF CONTINGENCIES OF THE DIESEL ENGINE: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW.INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY. VOL. 40. ISSUE 37. P. 12824 -12847 66 64% 5
5 ZAKER, K , ASKARI, MH , JAZAYERI, A , EBRAHIMI, R , ZAKER, B , ASHJAEE, M , (2015) OPEN CYCLE CFD INVESTIGATION OF SI ENGINE FUELED WITH HYDROGEN/METHANE BLENDS USING DETAILED KINETIC MECHANISM.INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY. VOL. 40. ISSUE 40. P. 14006 -14019 46 92% 2
6 DIEGUEZ, PM , URROZ, JC , MARCELINO-SADABA, S , PEREZ-EZCURDIA, A , BENITO-AMURRIO, M , SAINZ, D , GANDIA, LM , (2014) EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF AN ADAPTED COMMERCIAL FOUR-CYLINDER SPARK IGNITION ENGINE RUNNING ON HYDROGEN-METHANE MIXTURES.APPLIED ENERGY. VOL. 113. ISSUE . P. 1068-1076 44 90% 13
7 KARAGOZ, Y , SANDALCI, T , YUKSEK, L , DALKILIC, AS , (2015) ENGINE PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION EFFECTS OF DIESEL BURNS ENRICHED BY HYDROGEN ON DIFFERENT ENGINE LOADS.INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY. VOL. 40. ISSUE 20. P. 6702 -6713 40 89% 8
8 CHINTALA, V , SUBRAMANIAN, KA , (2016) EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF HYDROGEN ENERGY SHARE IMPROVEMENT IN A COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE USING WATER INJECTION AND COMPRESSION RATIO REDUCTION.ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT. VOL. 108. ISSUE . P. 106 -119 32 84% 3
9 KORAKIANITIS, T , NAMASIVAYAM, AM , CROOKES, RJ , (2011) DIESEL AND RAPESEED METHYL ESTER (RME) PILOT FUELS FOR HYDROGEN AND NATURAL GAS DUAL-FUEL COMBUSTION IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES.FUEL. VOL. 90. ISSUE 7. P. 2384 -2395 37 82% 37
10 BORA, BJ , SAHA, UK , (2016) ESTIMATING THE THEORETICAL PERFORMANCE LIMITS OF A BIOGAS POWERED DUAL FUEL DIESEL ENGINE USING EMULSIFIED RICE BRAN BIODIESEL AS PILOT FUEL.JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESOURCES TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME. VOL. 138. ISSUE 2. P. - 40 75% 0

Classes with closest relation at Level 1


Rank Class id link
1 4207 HCCI//HOMOGENEOUS CHARGE COMPRESSION IGNITION//LOW TEMPERATURE COMBUSTION
2 10946 SPARK IGNITION ENGINE//GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION//ETHANOL GASOLINE BLENDS
3 5352 LAMINAR BURNING VELOCITY//LAMINAR FLAME SPEED//MARKSTEIN LENGTH
4 24735 GARDON GAUGE//THERMAL PRODUCT//TRANSIENT OPERATION
5 891 DIESEL ENGINE//BIODIESEL//ENGINE PERFORMANCE
6 18860 TUMBLE//IN CYLINDER FLOW//INTAKE PORT
7 15704 HYDROGEN ECONOMY//HYDROGEN INFRASTRUCTURE//POWER TO GAS
8 30046 FAST FILLING//FAST FILLING PROCESS//COMPRESSED HYDROGEN STORAGE
9 12006 ENGINE CONTROL//AIR FUEL RATIO CONTROL//IDLE SPEED CONTROL
10 24153 EMULSIFIED FUEL//MICRO EXPLOSION//WATER IN DIESEL EMULSION

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