Class information for:
Level 1: DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERTER DAC//CURRENT STEERING//DIRECT DIGITAL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER

Basic class information
Class id #P Avg. number of
references		 Database coverage
of references
16952 626 14.0 48%


Bar chart of Publication_year

Last years might be incomplete

Hierarchy of classes
The table includes all classes above and classes immediately below the current class.


Cluster id Level Cluster label #P
20 4 PHYSICS, NUCLEAR//PHYSICS, PARTICLES & FIELDS//PHYSICAL REVIEW C 270246
544 3       IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS//ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUITS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING//IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS 18576
577 2             ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUITS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING//IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS//CURRENT MODE CIRCUITS 14242
16952 1                   DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERTER DAC//CURRENT STEERING//DIRECT DIGITAL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER 626

Terms with highest relevance score


rank Term termType Chi square Shr. of publ. in
class containing
term		 Class's shr. of
term's tot. occurrences		 #P with
term in
class
1 DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERTER DAC authKW 1238041 9% 45% 57
2 CURRENT STEERING authKW 843027 6% 44% 39
3 DIRECT DIGITAL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER authKW 827330 3% 81% 21
4 DIRECT DIGITAL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER DDFS authKW 645578 2% 88% 15
5 DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERTER authKW 645571 7% 32% 41
6 FLYING ADDER authKW 588810 2% 93% 13
7 DIRECT DIGITAL SYNTHESIZER authKW 586939 3% 63% 19
8 FREQUENCY SYNTHESIS authKW 482570 5% 34% 29
9 DIRECT DIGITAL SYNTHESIS authKW 391946 2% 54% 15
10 FLYING ADDER FA authKW 341441 1% 100% 7

Web of Science journal categories


Rank Term Chi square Shr. of publ. in
class containing
term		 Class's shr. of
term's tot. occurrences		 #P with
term in
class
1 Engineering, Electrical & Electronic 16357 92% 0% 575
2 Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture 4358 15% 0% 94
3 Telecommunications 631 9% 0% 56
4 Instruments & Instrumentation 348 8% 0% 51
5 Engineering, General 120 4% 0% 24
6 Acoustics 53 2% 0% 13
7 Computer Science, Information Systems 6 1% 0% 9
8 Film, Radio, Television 5 0% 0% 1
9 Automation & Control Systems 4 1% 0% 6
10 Nanoscience & Nanotechnology 3 2% 0% 11

Address terms


Rank Term Chi square Shr. of publ. in
class containing
term		 Class's shr. of
term's tot. occurrences		 #P with
term in
class
1 INKJET COMMERCIAL 109747 0% 75% 3
2 ELECT CIRCUIT DESIGN 100611 2% 15% 14
3 AGE COMMUN INFORMAT ENGN 97555 0% 100% 2
4 MUROM 73163 0% 50% 3
5 ADV SENSOR COMPONENTS BRANCH 48777 0% 100% 1
6 BATTERY MONITORING SOLUT 48777 0% 100% 1
7 BROADBAND SILICON TECHNOL 48777 0% 100% 1
8 CORP FRONTENDS CFE 48777 0% 100% 1
9 DATA TECH 48777 0% 100% 1
10 DESIGN GRP INTEGRATED CIRCUITS 48777 0% 100% 1

Journals


Rank Term Chi square Shr. of publ. in
class containing
term		 Class's shr. of
term's tot. occurrences		 #P with
term in
class
1 IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS 121226 23% 2% 143
2 ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUITS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING 37165 8% 2% 47
3 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS 31889 8% 1% 51
4 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I-REGULAR PAPERS 16935 7% 1% 43
5 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VERY LARGE SCALE INTEGRATION (VLSI) SYSTEMS 5170 3% 1% 19
6 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS 4427 3% 0% 21
7 GEC REVIEW 4238 0% 4% 2
8 ELECTRONIC DESIGN 3719 1% 2% 5
9 JOURNAL OF CIRCUITS SYSTEMS AND COMPUTERS 2780 2% 1% 10
10 IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRONICS 2611 3% 0% 18

Author Key Words


Rank Term Chi square Shr. of publ. in
class containing
term		 Class's shr. of
term's tot. occurrences		 #P with
term in
class		 LCSH search Wikipedia search
1 DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERTER DAC 1238041 9% 45% 57 Search DIGITAL+TO+ANALOG+CONVERTER+DAC Search DIGITAL+TO+ANALOG+CONVERTER+DAC
2 CURRENT STEERING 843027 6% 44% 39 Search CURRENT+STEERING Search CURRENT+STEERING
3 DIRECT DIGITAL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER 827330 3% 81% 21 Search DIRECT+DIGITAL+FREQUENCY+SYNTHESIZER Search DIRECT+DIGITAL+FREQUENCY+SYNTHESIZER
4 DIRECT DIGITAL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER DDFS 645578 2% 88% 15 Search DIRECT+DIGITAL+FREQUENCY+SYNTHESIZER+DDFS Search DIRECT+DIGITAL+FREQUENCY+SYNTHESIZER+DDFS
5 DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERTER 645571 7% 32% 41 Search DIGITAL+TO+ANALOG+CONVERTER Search DIGITAL+TO+ANALOG+CONVERTER
6 FLYING ADDER 588810 2% 93% 13 Search FLYING+ADDER Search FLYING+ADDER
7 DIRECT DIGITAL SYNTHESIZER 586939 3% 63% 19 Search DIRECT+DIGITAL+SYNTHESIZER Search DIRECT+DIGITAL+SYNTHESIZER
8 FREQUENCY SYNTHESIS 482570 5% 34% 29 Search FREQUENCY+SYNTHESIS Search FREQUENCY+SYNTHESIS
9 DIRECT DIGITAL SYNTHESIS 391946 2% 54% 15 Search DIRECT+DIGITAL+SYNTHESIS Search DIRECT+DIGITAL+SYNTHESIS
10 FLYING ADDER FA 341441 1% 100% 7 Search FLYING+ADDER+FA Search FLYING+ADDER+FA

Core articles
The table includes core articles in the class. The following variables is taken into account for the relevance score of an article in a cluster c:
(1) Number of references referring to publications in the class.
(2) Share of total number of active references referring to publications in the class.
(3) Age of the article. New articles get higher score than old articles.
(4) Citation rate, normalized to year.


Rank Reference # ref.
in cl.		 Shr. of ref. in
cl.		 Citations
1 YOO, T , YEOH, HC , JUNG, YH , CHO, SJ , KIM, YS , KANG, SM , BAEK, KH , (2014) A 2 GHZ 130 MW DIRECT-DIGITAL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER WITH A NONLINEAR DAC IN 55 NM CMOS.IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS. VOL. 49. ISSUE 12. P. 2976 -2989 33 100% 3
2 DE CARO, D , PETRA, N , STROLLO, AGM , (2011) DIRECT DIGITAL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER USING NONUNIFORM PIECEWISE-LINEAR APPROXIMATION.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I-REGULAR PAPERS. VOL. 58. ISSUE 10. P. 2409 -2419 36 95% 14
3 GENOVESE, M , NAPOLI, E , DE CARO, D , PETRA, N , STROLLO, AGM , (2014) ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF DIRECT DIGITAL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZERS IMPLEMENTED ON FPGA.INTEGRATION-THE VLSI JOURNAL. VOL. 47. ISSUE 2. P. 261-271 26 87% 3
4 ASHRAFI, A , ADHAMI, R , MILENKOVIC, A , (2010) A DIRECT DIGITAL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER BASED ON THE QUASI-LINEAR INTERPOLATION METHOD.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I-REGULAR PAPERS. VOL. 57. ISSUE 4. P. 863-872 21 95% 16
5 LANGLOIS, JMP , AL-KHALILI, D , (2004) PHASE TO SINUSOID AMPLITUDE CONVERSION TECHNIQUES FOR DIRECT DIGITAL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIS.IEE PROCEEDINGS-CIRCUITS DEVICES AND SYSTEMS. VOL. 151. ISSUE 6. P. 519 -528 22 100% 33
6 GUO, X , WU, DY , ZHOU, L , LIU, HS , WU, J , LIU, XY , (2017) HIGH SPEED HIGH RESOLUTION DIRECT DIGITAL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER WITH NON-LINEAR DAC COARSE QUANTIZATION AND ROM-BASED PIECEWISE LINEAR INTERPOLATION.ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUITS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING. VOL. 90. ISSUE 1. P. 263 -272 16 100% 0
7 HASANNEZHAD, M , JANNESARI, A , LOTFIZAD, M , (2016) DESIGN OF A HIGH-FREQUENCY VERY LOW-POWER DIRECT DIGITAL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER.JOURNAL OF CIRCUITS SYSTEMS AND COMPUTERS. VOL. 25. ISSUE 8. P. - 17 94% 0
8 JIANG, JG , WANG, B , WANG, YN , (2006) A 12-B, 150 MHZ SAMPLE/S CMOS CURRENT STEERING D/A CONVERTER WITH GRADIENT ERROR COMPENSATION.ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUITS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING. VOL. 46. ISSUE 3. P. 263-273 20 100% 3
9 YEOH, HC , JUNG, JH , JUNG, YH , BAEK, KH , (2010) A 1.3-GHZ 350-MW HYBRID DIRECT DIGITAL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER IN 90-NM CMOS.IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS. VOL. 45. ISSUE 9. P. 1845-1855 17 94% 20
10 ASHRAFI, A , (2014) OPTIMIZATION OF THE QUANTIZED COEFFICIENTS FOR DDFS UTILIZING POLYNOMIAL INTERPOLATION METHODS.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS. VOL. 61. ISSUE 2. P. 105-109 15 100% 1

Classes with closest relation at Level 1


Rank Class id link
1 27667 COLUMN DRIVER//LCD DRIVER//GRAY SHADES
2 5885 SIGMA DELTA MODULATION//DELTA SIGMA MODULATOR//SIGMA DELTA MODULATOR
3 24009 SWITCHED CURRENT CIRCUITS//SWITCHED CURRENT//SWITCHED CURRENT FILTERS
4 13793 DEVICE MODELLING GRP//RANDOM DOPANT FLUCTUATION//RANDOM DOPANT
5 9859 TIME TO DIGITAL CONVERTER TDC//DIGITALLY CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR DCO//TIME TO DIGITAL CONVERTER
6 4435 PIPELINED ADC//ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER ADC//SAR ADC
7 34247 DIGITAL SINUSOIDAL OSCILLATOR//FRACTIONAL ADDRESSING//FREQUENCY TO VOLTAGE CONVERTER
8 10859 COMPUTER ARITHMETIC//CORDIC//LOGARITHMIC NUMBER SYSTEM
9 33298 WORD LENGTH OPTIMIZATION//FIXED POINT ARITHMETIC//BITWIDTH
10 24050 VARIABLE GAIN AMPLIFIER//VARIABLE GAIN AMPLIFIER VGA//LINEAR IN DB

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