Real numbers. Metric spaces. Basic topological concepts (compact and connected sets, completeness). Convergence. Continuity.
Banach´s fixed point theorem. Inverse mapping theorem.
Normed spaces. Linear functionals, Hahn-Banach theorem, Dual spaces.
Baire´s category theorem. Theorems of open mapping and closed graph. Theorem of uniform boundness.
Bounded operators. Adjoints and spectra of operators.
Hilbert space. Selfadjoint and compact operators. Integral equations.
The course provides basic knowledge for studies in more advanced mathematics and for studies in related fields.
By the end of the course the student should be able to solve problems on the different topics of the course. In particular the student should be able to
- Understand and be able to apply basic topological concepts. Be able to state the theorems of Heine-Borel and Bolzano-Weierstrass.
- Understand and be able to apply the concepts of continuity, convergence and derivative for functions between metric spaces. Be able to state Arzelà-Ascoli´s theorem and Weierstrass´ approximation theorem.
- Be able to state the Hahn-Banach theorem and the separation theorems.
- Know the basic definitions and be able to prove properties of Banach and Hilbert spaces.
- Understand definitions of linear functionals and dual spaces and be able to prove Riesz´ representation theorem.
- Understand and be able to state the theorems of Baire, Banach-Steinhaus and the theorems of closed graph and open mapping.
- Know the definitions and be able to prove fundamental properties of linear operators, in particular properties of adjoints, compact operators, projections and unitary operators.