The course aims to bring knowledge about the energy needed for transportation in our society and solutions how to provide energy efficient and sustainable transportation. The course starts with an overview of different transportation needs and the state of art solutions for them. The system efficiencies for those solutions and emissions are analyzed with relevant system borders.
Following that, there is an overview of the physical properties and boundary conditions that have a strong influence on the energy consumption for the various kinds of transportation. Infrastructure for transportation is studied, both for the transport itself and for the energy supply infrastructure (the latter is in focus). Investment cost as well as operational cost are addressed together with sustainability aspects. For different vehicles and transportation needs, various powertrain configurations and concepts are being used. An overview of both existing and emerging powertrains are given, with a special focus on the energy related and sustainability related characteristics and identification of the need for further development and implementation hurdles. The lead-time to phase in new solutions as well as phasing out less desired technologies is discussed.