Kurs-PM HT 2023

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Rubriker markerade med en asterisk ( * ) kommer från kursplan version VT 2019

Innehåll och lärandemål

Kursinnehåll

Undervisningen ges i form av föreläsningar och fem obligatoriska laborationer.

• Fysiologiska givare

• Biosignalernas uppkomst och betydelse

• Egenskaper hos olika givare

• Instrumentering i fysiologisk mätteknik

• Metoder för att mäta temperatur, tryck, flöde och volym för blod och andningsgaser

• Signalbehandling applicerad på biosignaler

• Möjligheter, begränsningar och felkällor i olika metoder

Laborationer:

Laborationer där termistorer, termoelement, piezoelektriska, optiska och magnetiska givare används för mätning och bearbetning av fysiologiska signaler.

Lärandemål

Det övergripande målet för denna kurs är att ge en fördjupad förståelse av uppkomsten av mätbara fysikaliska signaler i människokroppen, att öka förståelse för funktionen och tillämpningen av moderna medicinska givare och mätprinciper, bearbetning och presentation av mätresultat, samt förmåga att konstruera mätsystem för mätning av fysiologiska storheter.

Efter fullgjord kurs är målsättningen att studenten ska kunna:

• förklara de bioelektriska signalernas uppkomst och betydelse

• förstå egenskaper av olika sensorer, fördelar och nackdelar, samt välja lämpliga sensorer för mätning av temperatur, tryck, flöde, volym och koncentration för blod och andningsgaser.

• ange krav på förstärkning, bandbredd, och CMRR i medicinsk apparatur

• värdera möjligheter, begränsningar och felkällor i olika metoder för signalbehandling applicerade på biosignaler.

• förklara innebörden av begreppen sensitivitet och specificitet i den kliniska verkligheten.

• använda några givare, t.ex. termoresistorer, termistorer, termoelement, piezoelektrisk, optiska och magnetiska för att mäta fysiologiska signaler.

Läraktiviteter

Lectures will include presentation of new materials with intermittent student activities or calculation exercises. Participation in Lectures is encouraged. The lecture will be followed by voluntary assignments to train on the material yourself. Will start at xx:15.

P2: Design of sensor systems, Instrumentation, Noise, Temperature Measurement

P4: Blood flow, Blood Pressure, Electric Biosignals, Concentration Measurement

Laboratories will include compulsory preparation, simulation, participation in the laboratory in a group and subsequent submission of a laboratory report. Will start at xx.00.

P2: Instrumentation, Lab Report Writing, Simulation using OrCAD, Pacemaker Circuit, Temperature measurement

P4: Building your own circuits for Blood Pressure, Blood Flow and ECG measurement

Seminars will include two group projects including a presentations and critical review by a second group. You should be present for both your presentation and the presentation of your peers. Will start at xx:15.

P2: In the group you will propose your own sensor technoloy to 1) monitor the function of a disease condition and 2) ensure safe operation of a medical device. You can decide for yourself which organ or device you would like to work on. The final presentation should include a description of the need, the requirements, an explanation of the function of the sensor that you choose, and a description of the proposed read-out circuit. The theory on each aspect will be covered in the lectures.

Förberedelser inför kursstart

Särskilda förberedelser

Literature:

All information will be provided in the lecture slides or via additional links. However, if you like to read additional material:

ToDo: I recomment to buy the newest edition of the book.

Medical Instrumentation: Application and Design, John Webster
Bioinstrumentation, John Webster Outlines & Highlights for Medical Instrumentation Application and Design by John G. Webster, John W. Clark (Contribution by), Michael R. Neuman, ISBN: 9780471676003

Use of laboratory equipment:

You will be building your own measurement equipment. For this to be successful it is importatn that you can independently operate the standard equipment in the lab. This includes voltage source, oscilloscope, clamps, circuit boards.

ToDo: Consult your laboratory materials from the course HE1200.

Use software:

The course will enable you to build your own circuit. You have learned how to use OrCAD in HE1200. We will be using the software to get ready for the laboratories. You have access to the software on the computers in T41 in Flemingsberg. Check that you have access to the room.

ToDo: Check that you have access to the room T41 in Flemingsberg .

Kurslitteratur

Selected materials by Seraina Dual, including lecture slides.

Recommended additional literature:

Medical Instrumentation: Application and Design, John Webster
Bioinstrumentation, John Webster
Outlines & Highlights for Medical Instrumentation Application and Design by John G. Webster, John W. Clark (Contribution by), Michael R. Neuman, ISBN: 9780471676003

Utrustning

Calculator

A continuouly growing own summary of the material

Programvara

OrCAD: The software is available for the students to use in room T41

Stöd för studenter med funktionsnedsättning

Om du har en funktionsnedsättning kan du få stöd via Funka:

Funka- stöd för studenter med funktionsnedsättningar

Examination och slutförande

Betygsskala

A, B, C, D, E, FX, F

Examination

LAB1 - Laborationer, 5,0 hp, Betygsskala: P, F
TEN1 - Tentamen, 4,0 hp, Betygsskala: A, B, C, D, E, FX, F

Examinator beslutar, baserat på rekommendation från KTH:s handläggare av stöd till studenter med funktionsnedsättning, om eventuell anpassad examination för studenter med dokumenterad, varaktig funktionsnedsättning.

Examinator får medge annan examinationsform vid omexamination av enstaka studenter.

Avsnittet nedan kommer inte från kursplanen:

LAB1 - Laborationer, 5,0 hp

LAB1A (P2, 2,0 hp) - Familiarize yourself with medical instrumentation, noise, equipment, Pacemaker, Temperature measurement. You will need to prepare, attend, and report on each of the two labortories in order to receive the passing grade.

LAB1B (P4, 3,0 hp) - Master building your own medical instrumentation circuit for measurment of Blood Pressure, Blood Flow, and the Electrocardiogram. You will need to prepare, attend, and report on each of the three labortories in order to receive the passing grade.

TEN1 - Tentamen, 4,0 hp

The exams is available in English or Swedish. The written examination will be completed in two exams (TEN1A and TEN1B).

TEN1A (P2, 2,0 hp) - The first exam will be a home exam for everyone. You will receive the exam at 8:00 in the morning and you will have 24h to complete the exam, however it should not take you longer then 4 hours to finish.

TEN1B (P4, 2,0 hp) - The second exam will be a written exam in the exam period. Example questions will be available. In the written exam, you are allowed to bring a double-sided A4 page with your notes.

Based on the recommendation from KTHs coordinator for disabilities, the examiner will decide how to adapt an examination for students with documented disability. The examiner may apply another examination format when re-examining individual students.

Övriga krav för slutbetyg

Skriftlig tentamen, 4 hp, betygsskala: A, B, C, D, E, FX, F

Laborationer, 5 hp, betygsskala P/F

Målrelaterade betygskriterier/bedömningskriterier

Laboration:

LAB 1A (P2)

ILOs	Pass	Time
Illustrate, summarize, and explain the results of the labs in form of a structured written report.	Illustrate, summarize, and explain your observations in the laboratory in a conclusive written report with reference to theoretical concepts discussed in the lecture and your own preparation.	Every Lab
Describe the characteristics of different sensors and identify expected disturbances and noise	Describe the sensor type, its input/output characteristics, advantages and disadvantages, and potential disturbances.	Temperature lab
Build medical instrumentation circuitto measure temperature.	Build and test a functional measurement circuit based on the circuit sketch with support from the teaching assistants.	Temperature lab

LAB 1B (P4)

Intended learning outcome	Pass	Time
Illustrate, summarize, and explain the results of the labs in form of a structured written report.	Illustrate, summarize, explain, and reflect on your observations in the laboratory in a conclusive written report with reference to theoretical concepts discussed in the lecture and your own preparation.	Every Lab
Describe the characteristics of different sensors and identify expected disturbances and noise	Describe the sensor type, its input/output characteristics, advantages and disadvantages, and potential disturbances.	Every Lab
Build a medical instrumentation circuit and use a sensor such as piezoelectric, optical, and electric to measure physiological signals.	Build and test a functional measurement circuit based on the provided circuit sketch and measure a physiological signals using sensors in the laboratory with support from the teaching assistants.	Every Lab
Master a medical instrumentation circuit	Independently build, modify, test, and evaluate a medical instrumentation circuit to measure physiological signals.	In one of the Labs

Written examination:

TEN1A

ILOs	E-level	C-level	A-level
Apply measurement technology to predict, prevent, and treat disease	Sketch the opportunities for measurement technologies to predict, prevent, and treat disease.	Organize the opportunities for measurement technologies to predict, prevent, and treat disease.	Generalize the opportunities for measurement technologies to predict, prevent, and treat disease.
Comprehend the concepts of sensitivity and specificity in clinical context.	Paraphrase the concepts of sensitivity and specificity in clinical context.	Explain the concepts of sensitivity and specificity in clinical context.	Explain and defend the concepts of sensitivity and specificity in clinical context.
Synthesize context specific requirements, limitations, and sources of error/noise for medical sensors (home, doctors office, ICU)	Hypothesize on context specific requirements, limitations, and sources of error/noise for medical sensors (home, doctors office, ICU).	Hypothesize, and develop context specific requirements, limitations, and sources of error/noise for medical sensors (home, doctors office, ICU).	Hypothesize, develop context specific requirements, limitations, and sources of error/noise for medical sensors (home, doctors office, ICU) and prioritize their significance
Know the technical requirements for gain, bandwidth, and CMRR of medical devices	List the technical requirements for gain, bandwidth, and CMRR of medical devices.	List and describe the technical requirements for gain, bandwidth, and CMRR of medical devices.	List, describe, and contextualize the technical requirements for gain, bandwidth, and CMRR of medical devices.
Analyze sensor characteristics (order, input/output, active/passive, direct/indirect, sensitivity, dynamic)	Describe a sensor as an input/output system, including their characteristics (order, input/output, active/passive, direct/indirect, sensitivity, dynamic etc.).	Describe a sensor as an input/output system. Classify sensor according to their characteristics (order, input/output, active/passive, direct/indirect, sensitivity, dynamic etc.).	Describe a sensor as an input/output system. Classify sensor according to their characteristics (order, input/output, active/passive, direct/indirect, sensitivity, dynamic etc.) and hypothesize about their applicability.
Evaluate the appropriateness of a sensor for monitoring a medical condition	Apply knowledge on sensors to its impact on predicting, preventing, or treating a medical condition.	Apply and analyze the appropriateness of a sensor for its impact on predicting, preventing, or treating a medical condition.	Apply, analyze, and evaluate the appropriateness of a sensor for its impact on predicting, preventing, or treating a medical condition.

TEN1B

ILOs	E-level	C-level	A-level
Explain the origin and significance of physiological signals	Rewrite the origin and significance of physiological signals.	Explain the origin and significance of physiological signals.	Defend the origin and significance of physiological signals.
Identify appropriate medical instrumentation for filtering, amplifying, cleaning the signal	Reflect on the use of medical instrumentation for filtering, amplifying, cleaning the signal.	Select medical instrumentation for filtering, amplifying, cleaning the signal.	Design and derive medical instrumentation for filtering, amplifying, cleaning the signal.
Illustrate and reflect on the characteristics and function of the various sensors discussed.	Illustrate the characteristics and function of the sensors discussed.	Illustrate, reflect on the characteristics and function of the sensors discussed.	Illustrate, reflect, and explain, the characteristics and function of the sensors discussed.
Compare the advantages and disadvantages of the various sensors discussed.	Summarize the advantages and disadvantages of the various sensors discussed.	Assess the advantages and disadvantages of the various sensors discussed.	Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the various sensors discussed.
Apply the requirements for gain, bandwidth, and CMRR of medical devices	Apply the requirements for gain, bandwidth, and CMRR of medical devices.	Apply and relate the requirements for gain, bandwidth, and CMRR of medical devices.	Apply, relate and construct the requirements for gain, bandwidth, and CMRR of medical devices.
Summarize the opportunities, limitations, and sources of error/noise in various methods of signal processing applied on bio-signals.	Summarize the opportunities, limitations, and sources of error/noise in various methods of signal processing applied on bio-signals.	Summarize and relate the opportunities, limitations, and sources of error/noise in various methods of signal processing applied on bio-signals.	Summarize, relate, and motivate the opportunities, limitations, and sources of error/noise in various methods of signal processing applied on bio-signals.
List relevant bio-signal variables including their units and typical range	List relevant bio-signal variables including their units and typical range	List and anticipate relevant bio-signal variables including their units and typical range	List, anticipate, and relate relevant bio-signal variables including their units and typical range
Relate hemodynamic relationships between flows/pressures/resistances	Calculate hemodynamic relationships between flows/pressures/resistances	Calculate and construct relationships between hemodynamic flows/pressures/resistances	Calculate, construct and derive hemodynamic relationships between flows/pressures/resistances

Möjlighet till komplettering

Laboration:

If you miss one laboration, there will be one option to repeat one of the laborations at the end of P4. If you miss more then one laboration, you will need to come back in the next year.

Tentamen:

If you receive grad Fx in the exam, you will be given an extra home exercise and the opportunity to reach grade E.

Etiskt förhållningssätt

Vid grupparbete har alla i gruppen ansvar för gruppens arbete.
Vid examination ska varje student ärligt redovisa hjälp som erhållits och källor som använts.
Vid muntlig examination ska varje student kunna redogöra för hela uppgiften och hela lösningen.