Class information for:
Level 1: SPENT LITHIUM ION BATTERIES//SPENT BATTERIES//SPENT ZN MN BATTERIES

Basic class information
Class id #P Avg. number of
references		 Database coverage
of references
17709 586 24.4 61%


Bar chart of Publication_year

Last years might be incomplete

Hierarchy of classes
The table includes all classes above and classes immediately below the current class.


Cluster id Level Cluster label #P
1 4 ECONOMICS//EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH//PSYCHOL 3876184
96 3       ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES//ENERGY POLICY//ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES 76325
2049 2             INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT//E WASTE//WEEE 5339
17709 1                   SPENT LITHIUM ION BATTERIES//SPENT BATTERIES//SPENT ZN MN BATTERIES 586

Terms with highest relevance score


rank Term termType Chi square Shr. of publ. in
class containing
term		 Class's shr. of
term's tot. occurrences		 #P with
term in
class
1 SPENT LITHIUM ION BATTERIES authKW 1894790 7% 91% 40
2 SPENT BATTERIES authKW 1368129 5% 82% 32
3 SPENT ZN MN BATTERIES authKW 416855 1% 100% 8
4 SPENT LI ION BATTERIES authKW 351717 2% 75% 9
5 NI CD BATTERIES authKW 314489 2% 46% 13
6 CATHODE SCRAP authKW 260535 1% 100% 5
7 ELECTRODIC POWDER authKW 260535 1% 100% 5
8 ELE OQUIM LICADA address 255320 1% 70% 7
9 BATTERY RECYCLING authKW 226541 2% 43% 10
10 NICKEL CADMIUM BATTERIES authKW 222131 2% 47% 9

Web of Science journal categories


Rank Term Chi square Shr. of publ. in
class containing
term		 Class's shr. of
term's tot. occurrences		 #P with
term in
class
1 Engineering, Environmental 5235 24% 0% 141
2 Electrochemistry 4122 23% 0% 133
3 Energy & Fuels 2246 20% 0% 119
4 Environmental Sciences 1930 28% 0% 167
5 Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering 1386 17% 0% 99
6 Materials Science, Multidisciplinary 743 27% 0% 158
7 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 729 5% 0% 28
8 Engineering, Chemical 606 15% 0% 85
9 Chemistry, Physical 471 21% 0% 124
10 Mining & Mineral Processing 439 3% 0% 17

Address terms


Rank Term Chi square Shr. of publ. in
class containing
term		 Class's shr. of
term's tot. occurrences		 #P with
term in
class
1 ELE OQUIM LICADA 255320 1% 70% 7
2 EXTRACT MET GRP 186093 1% 71% 5
3 ENVIRONM POLLUT CONTROL HENAN 104214 0% 100% 2
4 PETR ENVIRONM ENGN 104210 1% 50% 4
5 GRP CHIM ELE OCHIM MAT 78157 1% 50% 3
6 URBAN OURCE RECYCLING TECHNOL 69475 0% 67% 2
7 OURCE RECYCLING 55575 1% 27% 4
8 AKUMULATOROW OGNIW 52107 0% 100% 1
9 BEING ENVIRONM SCI ENGN 52107 0% 100% 1
10 CATEDRA ECON MINERALES 52107 0% 100% 1

Journals


Rank Term Chi square Shr. of publ. in
class containing
term		 Class's shr. of
term's tot. occurrences		 #P with
term in
class
1 WASTE MANAGEMENT 46645 11% 1% 63
2 HYDROMETALLURGY 34211 9% 1% 51
3 JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES 26762 18% 0% 108
4 RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING 4886 3% 1% 15
5 PRZEMYSL CHEMICZNY 2671 3% 0% 16
6 SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY 2431 3% 0% 17
7 JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2382 5% 0% 27
8 JOURNAL OF MATERIAL CYCLES AND WASTE MANAGEMENT 1375 1% 1% 4
9 QUIMICA NOVA 1076 2% 0% 10
10 ENVIRONMENTAL FORENSICS 891 1% 1% 3

Author Key Words


Rank Term Chi square Shr. of publ. in
class containing
term		 Class's shr. of
term's tot. occurrences		 #P with
term in
class		 LCSH search Wikipedia search
1 SPENT LITHIUM ION BATTERIES 1894790 7% 91% 40 Search SPENT+LITHIUM+ION+BATTERIES Search SPENT+LITHIUM+ION+BATTERIES
2 SPENT BATTERIES 1368129 5% 82% 32 Search SPENT+BATTERIES Search SPENT+BATTERIES
3 SPENT ZN MN BATTERIES 416855 1% 100% 8 Search SPENT+ZN+MN+BATTERIES Search SPENT+ZN+MN+BATTERIES
4 SPENT LI ION BATTERIES 351717 2% 75% 9 Search SPENT+LI+ION+BATTERIES Search SPENT+LI+ION+BATTERIES
5 NI CD BATTERIES 314489 2% 46% 13 Search NI+CD+BATTERIES Search NI+CD+BATTERIES
6 CATHODE SCRAP 260535 1% 100% 5 Search CATHODE+SCRAP Search CATHODE+SCRAP
7 ELECTRODIC POWDER 260535 1% 100% 5 Search ELECTRODIC+POWDER Search ELECTRODIC+POWDER
8 BATTERY RECYCLING 226541 2% 43% 10 Search BATTERY+RECYCLING Search BATTERY+RECYCLING
9 NICKEL CADMIUM BATTERIES 222131 2% 47% 9 Search NICKEL+CADMIUM+BATTERIES Search NICKEL+CADMIUM+BATTERIES
10 BATTERY DISPOSAL 208428 1% 100% 4 Search BATTERY+DISPOSAL Search BATTERY+DISPOSAL

Core articles
The table includes core articles in the class. The following variables is taken into account for the relevance score of an article in a cluster c:
(1) Number of references referring to publications in the class.
(2) Share of total number of active references referring to publications in the class.
(3) Age of the article. New articles get higher score than old articles.
(4) Citation rate, normalized to year.


Rank Reference # ref.
in cl.		 Shr. of ref. in
cl.		 Citations
1 SUN, L , QIU, KQ , (2012) ORGANIC OXALATE AS LEACHANT AND PRECIPITANT FOR THE RECOVERY OF VALUABLE METALS FROM SPENT LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES.WASTE MANAGEMENT. VOL. 32. ISSUE 8. P. 1575-1582 36 92% 48
2 ORDONEZ, J , GAGO, EJ , GIRARD, A , (2016) PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE RECYCLING AND RECOVERY OF SPENT LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES.RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS. VOL. 60. ISSUE . P. 195 -205 36 64% 7
3 HE, LP , SUN, SY , MU, YY , SONG, XF , YU, JG , (2017) RECOVERY OF LITHIUM, NICKEL, COBALT, AND MANGANESE FROM SPENT LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES USING L-TARTARIC ACID AS A LEACHANT.ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING. VOL. 5. ISSUE 1. P. 714 -721 38 86% 0
4 HANISCH, C , LOELLHOEFFEL, T , DIEKMANN, J , MARKLEY, KJ , HASELRIEDER, W , KWADE, A , (2015) RECYCLING OF LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES: A NOVEL METHOD TO SEPARATE COATING AND FOIL OF ELECTRODES.JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION. VOL. 108. ISSUE . P. 301 -311 43 66% 9
5 ZENG, XL , LI, JH , SINGH, N , (2014) RECYCLING OF SPENT LITHIUM-ION BATTERY: A CRITICAL REVIEW.CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. VOL. 44. ISSUE 10. P. 1129-1165 39 64% 35
6 ZHANG, XH , XIE, YB , LIN, X , LI, HT , CAO, HB , (2013) AN OVERVIEW ON THE PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR RECYCLING CATHODIC ACTIVE MATERIALS FROM SPENT LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES.JOURNAL OF MATERIAL CYCLES AND WASTE MANAGEMENT. VOL. 15. ISSUE 4. P. 420-430 40 73% 22
7 WANG, F , SUN, R , XU, J , CHE, Z , KANG, M , (2016) RECOVERY OF COBALT FROM SPENT LITHIUM ION BATTERIES USING SULPHURIC ACID LEACHING FOLLOWED BY SOLID-LIQUID SEPARATION AND SOLVENT EXTRACTION.RSC ADVANCES. VOL. 6. ISSUE 88. P. 85303 -85311 35 81% 1
8 ZHANG, XH , CAO, HB , XIE, YB , NING, PG , AN, HJ , YOU, HX , NAWAZ, F , (2015) A CLOSED-LOOP PROCESS FOR RECYCLING LINI1/3CO1/3MN1/3O2 FROM THE CATHODE SCRAPS OF LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES: PROCESS OPTIMIZATION AND KINETICS ANALYSIS.SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY. VOL. 150. ISSUE . P. 186 -195 38 75% 5
9 NAYAKA, GP , MANJANNA, J , PAI, KV , VADAVI, R , KENY, SJ , TRIPATHI, VS , (2015) RECOVERY OF VALUABLE METAL IONS FROM THE SPENT LITHIUM-ION BATTERY USING AQUEOUS MIXTURE OF MILD ORGANIC ACIDS AS ALTERNATIVE TO MINERAL ACIDS.HYDROMETALLURGY. VOL. 151. ISSUE . P. 73 -77 32 73% 14
10 GRANATA, G , PAGNANELLI, F , MOSCARDINI, E , TAKACOVA, Z , HAVLIK, T , TORO, L , (2012) SIMULTANEOUS RECYCLING OF NICKEL METAL HYDRIDE, LITHIUM ION AND PRIMARY LITHIUM BATTERIES: ACCOMPLISHMENT OF EUROPEAN GUIDELINES BY OPTIMIZING MECHANICAL PRE-TREATMENT AND SOLVENT EXTRACTION OPERATIONS.JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES. VOL. 212. ISSUE . P. 205-211 31 91% 19

Classes with closest relation at Level 1


Rank Class id link
1 22393 ION SIEVE//LITHIUM RECOVERY//LITHIUM ION SIEVE
2 19610 REDUCTIVE LEACHING//MANGANESE ORE//MANGANESE OXIDE ORE
3 26216 SPENT LEAD ACID BATTERY//LEAD PASTE//SECONDARY LEAD
4 30869 SPENT FLUORESCENT LAMPS//OURCES SAVING RECYCLING TECHNOL//FLUORESCENT LAMPS
5 4065 HYDROMETALLURGY//SOLVENT EXTRACTION//SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND ION EXCHANGE
6 6079 E WASTE//WEEE//ELECTRONIC WASTE
7 12675 ELECTRIC ARC FURNACE DUST//EAFD//EAF DUST
8 37599 IODOPLATINATION//ACRYLAMIDE AND N N METHYLENEBISACRYLAMIDE//C C BOND IODOPLATINATION
9 9256 SUBSTANCE FLOW ANALYSIS//MATERIAL FLOW ANALYSIS//IN USE STOCK
10 16196 MANGANESE DIOXIDE//ELECTROLYTIC MANGANESE DIOXIDE//GAMMA MNO2

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