Class information for:
Level 1: LASER HARDENING//LASER TRANSFORMATION HARDENING//LASER SURFACE HARDENING

Basic class information
Class id #P Avg. number of
references		 Database coverage
of references
13697 818 15.8 35%


Bar chart of Publication_year

Last years might be incomplete

Hierarchy of classes
The table includes all classes above and classes immediately below the current class.


Cluster id Level Cluster label #P
2 4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY//PHYSICS, APPLIED//PHYSICS, CONDENSED MATTER 2836879
82 3       METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING//FRICTION STIR WELDING//WELDING JOURNAL 79105
1383 2             LASER CLADDING//DUCTILE IRON//AUSTEMPERED DUCTILE IRON 8144
13697 1                   LASER HARDENING//LASER TRANSFORMATION HARDENING//LASER SURFACE HARDENING 818

Terms with highest relevance score


rank Term termType Chi square Shr. of publ. in
class containing
term		 Class's shr. of
term's tot. occurrences		 #P with
term in
class
1 LASER HARDENING authKW 1213585 6% 64% 51
2 LASER TRANSFORMATION HARDENING authKW 919784 4% 79% 31
3 LASER SURFACE HARDENING authKW 531358 3% 65% 22
4 SURFACE HEAT TREATMENTS authKW 167972 1% 75% 6
5 LASER HEAT TREATMENT authKW 136854 1% 33% 11
6 LASER QUENCHING authKW 131448 1% 39% 9
7 TRANSFORMATION HARDENING authKW 122158 1% 55% 6
8 LASER CLUPM address 111984 0% 100% 3
9 APPARENT SPOT TECHNIQUE authKW 74656 0% 100% 2
10 BACK TEMPERING authKW 74656 0% 100% 2

Web of Science journal categories


Rank Term Chi square Shr. of publ. in
class containing
term		 Class's shr. of
term's tot. occurrences		 #P with
term in
class
1 Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering 4958 26% 0% 216
2 METALLURGY & MINING 3162 2% 0% 19
3 Materials Science, Multidisciplinary 3084 44% 0% 356
4 Engineering, Manufacturing 2194 9% 0% 75
5 Materials Science, Coatings & Films 1084 9% 0% 71
6 Engineering, Mechanical 850 11% 0% 91
7 Optics 426 11% 0% 88
8 Engineering, Industrial 390 4% 0% 33
9 Physics, Applied 370 16% 0% 133
10 Automation & Control Systems 112 3% 0% 23

Address terms


Rank Term Chi square Shr. of publ. in
class containing
term		 Class's shr. of
term's tot. occurrences		 #P with
term in
class
1 LASER CLUPM 111984 0% 100% 3
2 ENGN SYST INTEGRAT HIGH SPEED TRAIN SOUT 74656 0% 100% 2
3 PROCESAMIENTO LASER 49769 0% 67% 2
4 DIEM MECH CONSTRUCT ENGN 41990 0% 38% 3
5 IND ENGN 2 40634 1% 16% 7
6 ADV COMPONENT ENGN 37328 0% 100% 1
7 AUTOMAT ING ELE ON INFORMAT IND 37328 0% 100% 1
8 AVIC ENGINE ESTAB 37328 0% 100% 1
9 CAMBRIDGE VACUUM ENGN 37328 0% 100% 1
10 CETHIL EQUIPE TIM 37328 0% 100% 1

Journals


Rank Term Chi square Shr. of publ. in
class containing
term		 Class's shr. of
term's tot. occurrences		 #P with
term in
class
1 LASERS IN ENGINEERING 16043 2% 2% 19
2 METAL SCIENCE AND HEAT TREATMENT 10883 3% 1% 24
3 HEAT TREATMENT OF METALS 10194 1% 3% 8
4 REVISTA DE METALURGIA 7931 2% 1% 15
5 OPTICS AND LASERS IN ENGINEERING 6243 3% 1% 24
6 JOURNAL OF LASER APPLICATIONS 4020 1% 1% 10
7 WELDING JOURNAL 3598 2% 1% 15
8 METALLURGICAL TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE 2697 2% 0% 17
9 METALLURGIA 2662 0% 4% 2
10 SURFACE ENGINEERING 2637 1% 1% 11

Author Key Words


Rank Term Chi square Shr. of publ. in
class containing
term		 Class's shr. of
term's tot. occurrences		 #P with
term in
class		 LCSH search Wikipedia search
1 LASER HARDENING 1213585 6% 64% 51 Search LASER+HARDENING Search LASER+HARDENING
2 LASER TRANSFORMATION HARDENING 919784 4% 79% 31 Search LASER+TRANSFORMATION+HARDENING Search LASER+TRANSFORMATION+HARDENING
3 LASER SURFACE HARDENING 531358 3% 65% 22 Search LASER+SURFACE+HARDENING Search LASER+SURFACE+HARDENING
4 SURFACE HEAT TREATMENTS 167972 1% 75% 6 Search SURFACE+HEAT+TREATMENTS Search SURFACE+HEAT+TREATMENTS
5 LASER HEAT TREATMENT 136854 1% 33% 11 Search LASER+HEAT+TREATMENT Search LASER+HEAT+TREATMENT
6 LASER QUENCHING 131448 1% 39% 9 Search LASER+QUENCHING Search LASER+QUENCHING
7 TRANSFORMATION HARDENING 122158 1% 55% 6 Search TRANSFORMATION+HARDENING Search TRANSFORMATION+HARDENING
8 APPARENT SPOT TECHNIQUE 74656 0% 100% 2 Search APPARENT+SPOT+TECHNIQUE Search APPARENT+SPOT+TECHNIQUE
9 BACK TEMPERING 74656 0% 100% 2 Search BACK+TEMPERING Search BACK+TEMPERING
10 BACK TEMPERING EFFECT 74656 0% 100% 2 Search BACK+TEMPERING+EFFECT Search BACK+TEMPERING+EFFECT

Core articles
The table includes core articles in the class. The following variables is taken into account for the relevance score of an article in a cluster c:
(1) Number of references referring to publications in the class.
(2) Share of total number of active references referring to publications in the class.
(3) Age of the article. New articles get higher score than old articles.
(4) Citation rate, normalized to year.


Rank Reference # ref.
in cl.		 Shr. of ref. in
cl.		 Citations
1 BABU, PD , BALASUBRAMANIAN, KR , BUVANASHEKARAN, G , (2011) LASER SURFACE HARDENING: A REVIEW.INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SURFACE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING. VOL. 5. ISSUE 2-3. P. 131-151 33 92% 5
2 NATH, AK , GUPTA, A , BENNY, F , (2012) THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON LASER SURFACE HARDENING BY REPETITIVE LASER PULSES.SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY. VOL. 206. ISSUE 8-9. P. 2602-2615 32 86% 16
3 ION, JC , (2002) LASER TRANSFORMATION HARDENING.SURFACE ENGINEERING. VOL. 18. ISSUE 1. P. 14 -31 37 80% 32
4 CORDOVILLA, F , GARCIA-BELTRAN, A , SANCHO, P , DOMINGUEZ, J , RUIZ-DE-LARA, L , OCANA, JL , (2016) NUMERICAL/EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF THE LASER SURFACE HARDENING WITH OVERLAPPED TRACKS TO DESIGN THE CONFIGURATION OF THE PROCESS FOR CR-MO STEELS.MATERIALS & DESIGN. VOL. 102. ISSUE . P. 225 -237 15 79% 2
5 TEWARY, NK , SYED, B , GHOSH, SK , KUNDU, S , SHARIFF, SM , PADMANABHAM, G , (2014) MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION AND MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF SURFACE HARDENED LOW CARBON HOT ROLLED STEEL.MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING. VOL. 606. ISSUE . P. 58-67 21 62% 1
6 PATWA, R , SHIN, YC , (2007) PREDICTIVE MODELING OF LASER HARDENING OF AISI5150H STEELS.INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MACHINE TOOLS & MANUFACTURE. VOL. 47. ISSUE 2. P. 307 -320 17 85% 16
7 LIVERANI, E , LUTEY, AHA , ASCARI, A , FORTUNATO, A , TOMESANI, L , (2016) A COMPLETE RESIDUAL STRESS MODEL FOR LASER SURFACE HARDENING OF COMPLEX MEDIUM CARBON STEEL COMPONENTS.SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY. VOL. 302. ISSUE . P. 100 -106 18 67% 0
8 BAILEY, NS , TAN, W , SHIN, YC , (2009) PREDICTIVE MODELING AND EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS FOR RESIDUAL STRESSES IN LASER HARDENING OF AISI 4140 STEEL BY A HIGH POWER DIODE LASER.SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY. VOL. 203. ISSUE 14. P. 2003 -2012 19 66% 35
9 BOURITHIS, E , TAZEDAKIS, A , PAPADIMITRIOU, G , (2002) A STUDY ON THE SURFACE TREATMENT OF "CALMAX" TOOL STEEL BY A PLASMA TRANSFERRED ARC (PTA) PROCESS.JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY. VOL. 128. ISSUE 1-3. P. 169-177 17 89% 29
10 BABU, PD , BUVANASHEKARAN, G , BALASUBRAMANIAN, KR , (2012) EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE AND HARDNESS OF LASER TRANSFORMATION HARDENING OF LOW ALLOY STEEL.TRANSACTIONS OF THE CANADIAN SOCIETY FOR MECHANICAL ENGINEERING. VOL. 36. ISSUE 3. P. 241-257 14 82% 7

Classes with closest relation at Level 1


Rank Class id link
1 1572 LASER CLADDING//LASER ALLOYING//LASER SURFACE ALLOYING
2 19335 TERRAIN MACHINERY BION ENGN//HEAT CHECKING//THERMAL FATIGUE
3 29857 AMORPHOUS ALLOY LAYER//DATA SYST POUGHKEEPSIE//ELECTRON BEAM SOLIDIFICATION TREATMENT
4 21063 LASER FORMING//LASER BENDING//LINE HEATING
5 3551 LASER WELDING//HYBRID WELDING//JOURNAL OF LASER APPLICATIONS
6 4267 LASER CUTTING//LASER DRILLING//CO2 LASER CUTTING
7 10396 GAS QUENCHING//TRANSFORMATION PLASTICITY//HEAT TREATMENT OF METALS
8 35112 SEAT INSERT//EXHAUST VALVE//AUTOMOTIVE VALVES
9 24866 HIGH POWER DIODE LASER HPDL//SURFACE GLAZING//WETTABILITY CHARACTERISTICS
10 27066 DROPLET SPRAYING//LASER SURFACE MELTING//LASER CLADDING

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