Class information for:
Level 1: SYMBOLIC SUBSTITUTION//OPTICAL COMPUTING//MODIFIED SIGNED DIGIT

Basic class information
Class id #P Avg. number of
references		 Database coverage
of references
9973 1102 17.9 51%


Bar chart of Publication_year

Last years might be incomplete

Hierarchy of classes
The table includes all classes above and classes immediately below the current class.


Cluster id Level Cluster label #P
10 4 OPTICS//PHYSICS, PARTICLES & FIELDS//PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY 1131262
342 3       OPTICS//LITHIUM NIOBATE//CONDON DOMAINS 36713
3103 2             OPTICAL COMPUTING//OPTICAL NEURAL NETWORKS//SYMBOLIC SUBSTITUTION 2337
9973 1                   SYMBOLIC SUBSTITUTION//OPTICAL COMPUTING//MODIFIED SIGNED DIGIT 1102

Terms with highest relevance score


rank Term termType Chi square Shr. of publ. in
class containing
term		 Class's shr. of
term's tot. occurrences		 #P with
term in
class
1 SYMBOLIC SUBSTITUTION authKW 613823 2% 92% 24
2 OPTICAL COMPUTING authKW 516138 7% 25% 76
3 MODIFIED SIGNED DIGIT authKW 387904 1% 100% 14
4 SHARED CONTENT ADDRESSABLE MEMORY authKW 166245 1% 100% 6
5 HIT MISS TRANSFORM authKW 150849 1% 78% 7
6 MODIFIED SIGNED DIGIT ARITHMETIC authKW 138537 0% 100% 5
7 SHADOW CASTING authKW 135762 1% 70% 7
8 OPTICAL ARRAY LOGIC authKW 110830 0% 100% 4
9 OPTICAL FUZZY LOGIC authKW 110830 0% 100% 4
10 DIGITAL OPTICAL COMPUTING authKW 97567 1% 39% 9

Web of Science journal categories


Rank Term Chi square Shr. of publ. in
class containing
term		 Class's shr. of
term's tot. occurrences		 #P with
term in
class
1 Optics 45304 83% 0% 914
2 Spectroscopy 653 7% 0% 80
3 Engineering, Electrical & Electronic 172 10% 0% 109
4 Physics, Applied 91 9% 0% 99
5 Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture 80 2% 0% 20
6 Computer Science, Theory & Methods 45 2% 0% 27
7 Computer Science, Cybernetics 4 0% 0% 3
8 Telecommunications 4 1% 0% 13
9 Computer Science, Software Engineering 3 1% 0% 10
10 Physics, Multidisciplinary 2 3% 0% 28

Address terms


Rank Term Chi square Shr. of publ. in
class containing
term		 Class's shr. of
term's tot. occurrences		 #P with
term in
class
1 12 NAMIKI 27707 0% 100% 1
2 ANGEW OPT DIGITAL OPT COMP GRP 27707 0% 100% 1
3 COL ENG PETR 27707 0% 100% 1
4 CORP SYST DEV 27707 0% 100% 1
5 DENVER ELE 27707 0% 100% 1
6 DIRECTORATE DEV ENGN 27707 0% 100% 1
7 ETUD LINGUIST 27707 0% 100% 1
8 HARRY DIAMOND S SCLHD ST OP 27707 0% 100% 1
9 INFORMAT PHOTON ELECT SCI ENGN 27707 0% 100% 1
10 INGN PHASE 2 27707 0% 100% 1

Journals


Rank Term Chi square Shr. of publ. in
class containing
term		 Class's shr. of
term's tot. occurrences		 #P with
term in
class
1 APPLIED OPTICS 82244 29% 1% 321
2 OPTICAL ENGINEERING 40369 13% 1% 142
3 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS 32100 7% 1% 79
4 OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS 13060 10% 0% 111
5 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OPTOELECTRONICS 7657 1% 4% 7
6 OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY 6607 3% 1% 33
7 OPTICS LETTERS 5642 7% 0% 78
8 JOURNAL OF OPTICS-NOUVELLE REVUE D OPTIQUE 2708 1% 1% 8
9 OPTICAL REVIEW 2274 1% 1% 13
10 OPTIK 1866 2% 0% 27

Author Key Words


Rank Term Chi square Shr. of publ. in
class containing
term		 Class's shr. of
term's tot. occurrences		 #P with
term in
class		 LCSH search Wikipedia search
1 SYMBOLIC SUBSTITUTION 613823 2% 92% 24 Search SYMBOLIC+SUBSTITUTION Search SYMBOLIC+SUBSTITUTION
2 OPTICAL COMPUTING 516138 7% 25% 76 Search OPTICAL+COMPUTING Search OPTICAL+COMPUTING
3 MODIFIED SIGNED DIGIT 387904 1% 100% 14 Search MODIFIED+SIGNED+DIGIT Search MODIFIED+SIGNED+DIGIT
4 SHARED CONTENT ADDRESSABLE MEMORY 166245 1% 100% 6 Search SHARED+CONTENT+ADDRESSABLE+MEMORY Search SHARED+CONTENT+ADDRESSABLE+MEMORY
5 HIT MISS TRANSFORM 150849 1% 78% 7 Search HIT+MISS+TRANSFORM Search HIT+MISS+TRANSFORM
6 MODIFIED SIGNED DIGIT ARITHMETIC 138537 0% 100% 5 Search MODIFIED+SIGNED+DIGIT+ARITHMETIC Search MODIFIED+SIGNED+DIGIT+ARITHMETIC
7 SHADOW CASTING 135762 1% 70% 7 Search SHADOW+CASTING Search SHADOW+CASTING
8 OPTICAL ARRAY LOGIC 110830 0% 100% 4 Search OPTICAL+ARRAY+LOGIC Search OPTICAL+ARRAY+LOGIC
9 OPTICAL FUZZY LOGIC 110830 0% 100% 4 Search OPTICAL+FUZZY+LOGIC Search OPTICAL+FUZZY+LOGIC
10 DIGITAL OPTICAL COMPUTING 97567 1% 39% 9 Search DIGITAL+OPTICAL+COMPUTING Search DIGITAL+OPTICAL+COMPUTING

Core articles
The table includes core articles in the class. The following variables is taken into account for the relevance score of an article in a cluster c:
(1) Number of references referring to publications in the class.
(2) Share of total number of active references referring to publications in the class.
(3) Age of the article. New articles get higher score than old articles.
(4) Citation rate, normalized to year.


Rank Reference # ref.
in cl.		 Shr. of ref. in
cl.		 Citations
1 LI, GQ , QIAN, F , RUAN, H , LIU, L , (1999) PARALLEL OPTICAL NEGABINARY SIGNED-DIGIT COMPUTING: ALGORITHM AND OPTICAL IMPLEMENTATION.OPTICAL ENGINEERING. VOL. 38. ISSUE 3. P. 403-414 57 97% 21
2 DATTA, AK , MUNSHI, S , (2002) SIGNED-NEGABINARY-ARITHMETIC-BASED OPTICAL COMPUTING BY USE OF A SINGLE LIQUID-CRYSTAL-DISPLAY PANEL.APPLIED OPTICS. VOL. 41. ISSUE 8. P. 1556 -1564 35 100% 8
3 NISHIMURA, N , AWATSUJI, Y , KUBOTA, T , (2003) ANALYSIS AND EVALUATIONS OF LOGICAL INSTRUCTIONS CALLED IN PARALLEL DIGITAL OPTICAL OPERATIONS BASED ON OPTICAL ARRAY LOGIC.APPLIED OPTICS. VOL. 42. ISSUE 14. P. 2532 -2545 32 91% 6
4 RUDI, AG , JALILI, S , (2013) A PARALLEL OPTICAL IMPLEMENTATION OF ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS.OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY. VOL. 49. ISSUE . P. 173-182 32 68% 0
5 LI, GQ , QIAN, F , RUAN, H , LIU, LR , (1999) COMPACT PARALLEL OPTICAL MODIFIED-SIGNED-DIGIT ARITHMETIC-LOGIC ARRAY PROCESSOR WITH ELECTRON-TRAPPING DEVICE.APPLIED OPTICS. VOL. 38. ISSUE 23. P. 5039 -5045 30 100% 29
6 FYATH, RS , ALSAFFAR, AAW , ALAM, MS , (2004) NONRECODED TRINARY SIGNED-DIGIT MULTIPLICATION BASED ON DIGIT GROUPING AND PIXEL ASSIGNMENT.OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS. VOL. 230. ISSUE 1-3. P. 35-44 26 96% 8
7 JIN, Y , WANG, XC , PENG, JJ , LI, M , SHEN, ZY , SHAN, OY , (2012) VECTOR-MATRIX MULTIPLICATION IN TERNARY OPTICAL COMPUTER.INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND MODELING. VOL. 9. ISSUE 2. P. 401-409 22 85% 1
8 QIAN, F , LI, GQ , RUAN, H , LIU, L , (2000) EFFICIENT OPTICAL LOOKAHEAD-MODE CONVERSION FROM MODIFIED SIGNED-DIGIT TO 2'S COMPLEMENT REPRESENTATION.OPTIK. VOL. 111. ISSUE 1. P. 13 -19 26 96% 4
9 ALAM, MS , (1999) PARALLEL OPTOELECTRONIC TRINARY SIGNED-DIGIT DIVISION.OPTICAL ENGINEERING. VOL. 38. ISSUE 3. P. 441-448 26 96% 1
10 HOSSAIN, MM , AHMED, JU , AWWAL, AAS , MICHEL, HE , (1998) OPTICAL IMPLEMENTATION OF AN EFFICIENT MODIFIED SIGNED-DIGIT TRINARY ADDITION.OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY. VOL. 30. ISSUE 1. P. 49 -55 26 93% 14

Classes with closest relation at Level 1


Rank Class id link
1 14822 OPTICAL NEURAL NETWORKS//OPTICAL ASSOCIATIVE MEMORY//FREQUENCY DOMAIN PARALLELISM
2 24522 CULTURAL CONSERVAT//TOUZAN//DILEAD PENTAOXOCHROMATE
3 8249 KOLAGHAT THERMAL POWER STN//ALL OPTICAL LOGIC GATE//SEMICONDUCTOR OPTICAL AMPLIFIER
4 4148 OPTICAL INTERCONNECTIONS//OPTICAL INTERCONNECTS//OPTICAL BACKPLANE
5 3641 JOINT TRANSFORM CORRELATOR//OPTICAL PATTERN RECOGNITION//SYNTHETIC DISCRIMINANT FUNCTION
6 6763 ALL OPTICAL LUMINESCENCE BISTABILITY//ALL OPTICAL BISTABILITY//BISTABLE LUMINESCENT EFFECTS
7 21764 RAINBOW HOLOGRAPHY//COHERENT FIBER ARRAYS//TANK AUTOMOT DEV COMMAND
8 15217 SPATIAL LIGHT MODULATOR//LIQUID CRYSTAL TELEVISION//LIQUID CRYSTAL SPATIAL LIGHT MODULATOR
9 18223 GRATING COUPLER//BULK OPTICAL WAVES//DIFFRACTIONAL DIVERGENCE
10 29899 ARTIFICIAL RETINA LSI//2 D ELECTRON GAS CHARGE COUPLED DEVICES 2DEG CCDS//ARTIFICIAL RETINA LARGE SCALE INTEGRATION

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